If one ever needs to be replaced, turbos cost between $500-700.
Get maximum turbo life by letting your diesel idle for 2 or 3 minutes after running before shutting the engine down. This is not to let it cool, as some think. It is to let the impeller slow down before stopping the engine and killing oil pressure. The impeller spins upwards of 100,000 RPM during operation. If left spinning without oil pressure to its bearings, the oil left there "cokes" or heats up very quickly and turns into solid carbon which eats up the bearings quickly.
Another thing I see kill turbos is small leaks in air intake hoses that let dirt in to bend impeller blades and kill it that way.
Turbo problems, unless related to the wastegate, are rarely intermittent- when it dies, the engine will have no power and pump out a TON of black smoke.
-Weave-